Conference

Toward the 50th Anniversary of the End of War:

Vietnamese Americans Contending with War and Postwar Legacies

October 27-28, 2023 | University of Oregon, Eugene, OR

About

The US-Vietnam Research Center is pleased to present a two-day conference at the University of Oregon as part of our activities to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the end of the civil war in Vietnam. This important occasion provides us with an opportunity for Vietnamese American scholars, activists, and community members young and old across the country to gather to share their thoughts, experiences, and concerns about the past, the present, and the future. The main topics for discussion include war and postwar legacies; political, economic, social and cultural efforts to develop the community and to preserve memory for the next generation; and inter-generational differences. We hope the discussion will help us understand better the critical issues currently facing this community and empower participants to identify effective solutions for them.

Toward the 50th Anniversary of the End of War: Vietnamese Americans Contending with War and Postwar Legacies

Time: October 27-28, 2023
Location: University of Oregon, Eugene, OR

Organizer: The US-Vietnam Research Center with support from University of Oregon and the US Institute of Peace, Washington, DC

 

Summary

 

The US-Vietnam Research Center is pleased to present a two-day conference at the University of Oregon as part of our activities to commemorate the 50th anniversary of the end of the civil war in Vietnam. This important occasion provides us with an opportunity for Vietnamese American scholars, activists, and community members young and old across the country to gather to share their thoughts, experiences, and concerns about the past, the present, and the future. The main topics for discussion include war and postwar legacies; political, economic, social and cultural efforts to develop the community and to preserve memory for the next generation; and inter-generational differences. We hope the discussion will help us understand better the critical issues currently facing this community and empower participants to identify effective solutions for them.

 

History

 

The Vietnamese American community has emerged since the end of the Vietnam War with thousands fleeing Vietnam to escape communist rule. This community itself is a legacy of that war and of the republican struggle against communism throughout the twentieth century over the future of Vietnam. The first group of refugees were joined by the “boat people” escaping from Vietnam in the late 1970s and throughout the 1980s, and were further reinforced in the 1990s when a new wave of former “reeducation camp” prisoners reached the US. The community is like Vietnam itself in terms of regional, ethnic, and religious diversity. Fifty years after the war ended, the community is facing a pivotal moment as the first generation with direct experience in Vietnam is gradually passing away and a new American-born generation emerges.

 

Legacies and the Future

 

The community is still contending with enduring individual and collective traumas. The traumas were caused not only by struggling with physical ailments—the literal scars of war—but also by the postwar anguish brought on by the loss of their country, triggering memories of re-education camps, the dangerous ocean voyages to escape from Vietnam, and the cultural and social challenges of adjusting to a new country. The first generation continues to battle guilt, grief, and pain, and this has contributed to a rift between the second generation from the first because it is difficult for the former to fully appreciate the latter’s first-hand experience. Within the community, Vietnamese Amerasians, many of whom arrived in the US as children, are a special group confronting their own issues in a racialized America.

 

The legacy of war has further complicated the community’s ability to build and maintain productive relationships with Vietnam, which first-generation Vietnamese Americans deeply care about. Among the legacies are 1) diasporic care of family, friends, and comrades left behind, many of whom are former South Vietnamese soldiers still suffering from battle injuries and political discrimination; 2) diasporic interest in pursuing their ideological vision for a just, prosperous and democratic Vietnam; and 3) diasporic relations with the Vietnamese government. The diaspora is generally united on the first two aspects but seriously divided over the last, as different individuals and groups hold different attitudes. Some reach out to the Vietnamese government while many others reject any contact. The second generation born in American and generally tend to be less interested in Vietnam.

 

Another legacy of war is the diaspora’s struggle for respect, legitimacy, and fair treatment as Americans. Postwar, the community was often blamed for a failed war and continues to suffer from unjust stigmatization, criticism, and the systemic racism similarly faced by other nonwhite communities in the US. The community has confronted such injustices by attempting to legitimate the cause of their past nationalist struggle and its achievements despite its failure in the war. They also have made great efforts and strides to tell their stories to American audiences and subsequent generations of Vietnamese Americans. The second generation are understandably concerned less with the past and more with the present, being more sensitive to issues in American society such as racism, social inequity, and environmental injustices.

 

The most important goal of the conference is to offer an opportunity for community leaders and academics of different generations to interact, share views, and learn from each other. We also aim to produce 1) a conference report that summarizes the roundtable discussions and any recommendations; 2) a series of brief videos for educational and archival purposes that record the discussions during the conference and the interviews with participants about their perspectives on relevant topics.

 

PROGRAM

First day—Oct 27, 2023

 

Section I: Contending with war & postwar legacies: This section offers an overview of war & postwar legacies and explores how the community has contended with those legacies.

 

Roundtable 1 — Resilience in the face of enduring traumas: What are the legacies of war on the bodies and minds of Vietnamese Americans? How have Vietnamese Americans coped with personal and collective trauma and in many cases overcome such legacies individually and as a community? What are the sources of their resilience? Is there institutional aid provided to help Vietnamese Americans cope with those legacies? How should we (as a whole) (re)build community resilience to deal with war- and postwar-related consequences? What are some essential questions or issues that have not been addressed (socially, politically, and academically) concerning this topic?

 

Roundtable 2 — The Imprisoned, the Dead, and the Children Left Behind: Who has the war left behind? How have Vietnamese Americans attended to those left behind? What does this endeavor mean to them? Where have they found the resources for this work? What challenges have they encountered? What strategies have they employed successfully? At the nation-state level, are these efforts being supported (suppressed or ignored) by the U.S. and the Vietnamese governments? How to gain support from these governments? What do those who were left behind and are still in Vietnam think (expect) of the Vietnamese diaspora? How do we engage other generations of Vietnamese Americans to care more about Vietnam and particularly those left behind?

 

Section II: Relations with Vietnam: This section focuses on economic, social, and political issues in the complicated relationship between the community and their homeland.

 

Roundtable 3 – Identity, Ideology & Politics: How do Vietnamese Americans relate to Vietnam: the country, its government, and its people? How do political identity and ideology influence Vietnamese Americans’ relations with Vietnam and the current Vietnamese government, and vice versa? How does Vietnamese Americans’ experience in America (its social, cultural, and political) inform and/or shape their view of Vietnam and the Vietnamese government? Has the Vietnamese government’s view of Vietnamese Americans changed over time, especially under the contexts of different administrative regimes and a more globalized and interconnected world? Why is reconciliation so difficult between many Vietnamese Americans and the Vietnamese government?

 

Roundtable 4 – Transnational Activism, Cultural, Educational, and Social Work: What are some cultural, educational, and social works that Vietnamese Americans have engaged in with respect to Vietnam and the Vietnamese people? What are the purposes of these works? What are the common challenges (within the community, inside Vietnam, and also with the U.S. government) Vietnamese Americans face when conducting these works? What are some forms of collaboration and/or support among those in the community and those within Vietnam? Who are those involved? How to engage other generations of Vietnamese Americans to be more involved in these works? How do these efforts reflect the community’s view, attitude, and relationship with Vietnam, the Vietnamese government, as well as the Vietnamese people?

 

Second Day – October 28, 2023

 

Section III: Relations with America: This section turns to efforts by the community to gain economic strength, to mobilize for political power in America, to counter hostilities and injustices, and to produce knowledge and preserve memory.

 

Roundtable 5 – Business and Political Entrepreneurship: How has the community coped with poverty, racism, and powerlessness? Where do they find resources for their resilience? What have been their strategies to gain a voice at the table and to enter mainstream economy and politics? What challenges/obstacles did they face and how have those challenges/obstacles changed over time? Are the challenges experienced, interpreted, and dealt with differently among different generations and diverse groups of Vietnamese Americans? Has the general American attitude toward them and their business and political entrepreneurship changed over time? If so, how so?

 

Roundtable 6 — Cultural Production and Archival Preservation: How do Vietnamese Americans remember the war and commemorate the war dead? Why is the preservation of memory and culture important to Vietnamese Americans? How are they working to make this work sustainable and accessible? What aspects of memory and culture are being produced and/or preserved and for what purposes? How are these efforts being interpreted, received, and/or contested by different groups of Vietnamese Americans, by the general American public (and government), and by the Vietnamese government?

 

Section IV: Beyond America and into the future: This section examines other Vietnamese diasporic communities outside of America, and ways by which academics and activists can work with their communities to resolve war/postwar legacy issues in the future.

 

Roundtable 7 — Religions as Means of Healing and Community Integration: How religious are Vietnamese Americans? How have religions contributed to community building, connecting Vietnamese Americans to each other, to other Americans, and to Vietnamese in Vietnam and in the global diaspora? How have Vietnamese religious institutions in America and other diaspora communities differed from those in Vietnam? How have Vietnamese religious institutions and practices changed as they adjust to their adopted land? How have diasporic Vietnamese religious institutions and practices changed within the context of a globalized and economically rising Vietnam? How do Vietnamese American religious institutions attract the second generation? What are some challenges?

 

Roundtable 8 — Community Youth Concerns & Aspirations: What do second-generation Vietnamese Americans aspire to and what are they concerned about? How strong is their identity as Vietnamese Americans? How do they view the previous generation and its politics? How can relationship across generations be strengthened? What can alleviate inter-generational conflicts?

 

Keynote speakers

In December of 2008, he became the first Vietnamese-American to be elected to the U.S. Congress, representing the 2nd Congressional District of Louisiana. His dual commitment to building a strong America and to defending the rights of millions of Vietnamese left behind under the Communist regime exemplifies the bridging roles of Vietnamese Americans.

Anh "Joseph" Cao

Former U.S. Congressman

A renowned writer, acclaimed documentary film producer, and dedicated advocate for both environmental and human rights causes. With a passion for preserving and sharing the Vietnamese American immigrant experience, she has made significant contributions to public awareness and education.

Nancy Bui

Vice President, Justice for Formosa's Victims Association (JFFV)

An award-winning researcher, Professor Nathalie Nguyen is a leading international scholar on the Vietnamese diaspora and the experiences of Vietnamese refugees. A Commonwealth Scholar at Oxford University and former ARC Future Fellow, her work focuses on memory, war and migration. She is an expert on oral history projects involving the Vietnamese in Australia, and her work has led to the creation of 2 key new oral history collections at the National Library of Australia. In 2021, she was elected a Fellow of the Academy of the Social Sciences in Australia.

Nathalie Nguyen

Professor, Monash University

Speakers

What our speakers and participants have to say

It was a life-changing experience; I've never had the opportunity to be in a room with so many Vietnamese academics, activists, and community leaders. It was a humbling experience, and I learned so much. I really treasured the time to speak with others and bond over our shared experiences and to socialize. It was such a welcoming and accepting environment.
Jennifer Huynh
Assistant Professor, University of Notre Dame
I am so grateful that I could have been part of the conference. I learned so much from everyone, and was also deeply inspired by the personal stories, reflections, difficult questions that we grappled with as both individuals as well as a community. There was also such a unique bond through our connections to and identifications with Vietnam and being Vietnamese. I hope that I will be able to be more involved and to do more in the future.
Nhu Truong
Assistant Professor, Denison University​
Dư âm hai ngày hội thảo của tuần lễ trước vẫn còn động lại trong tôi những nỗi niềm vui sướng vì đã gặp được & lắng nghe nhiều người tri thức trẻ có trái tim Việt Nam và có quan tâm cùng nhau tháo gỡ những xung đột khác biệt trong gia đình và ngoài xã hội.
Man Ngoc Ninh
I don’t recall the Vietnamese American community ever had a well-organized event like this in the past. It was a great opportunity for everyone to meet new and old friends as well as fellow likeminded activists, academics, and community leaders in our Vietnamese Community. More importantly, it was uniquely special to meet and hear the opinions and observations of the different generations of Vietnamese Americans, especially the younger ones. Their presentations gave us so much insight into the different perspectives and perhaps the state of our community.

Destiny Nguyen

CO-FOUNDER, The Republic of Vietnam Next Generation

Moments

Captured by our volunteer photographers

In the media

Trong hai ngày 27 và 28 tháng 10, 2023, tại trường Đại học Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, đã diễn ra một cuộc hội thảo về cộng đồng người Việt hải ngoại, sau gần nửa thế kỷ cuộc chiến Việt Nam kết thúc vào năm 1975.
Lần đầu tiên, một hội thảo quy mô lớn quy tụ nhiều người gốc Việt ở nhiều nơi, từ nhiều giới, thuộc nhiều thế hệ cùng bàn thảo về di sản của người Mỹ gốc Việt trong suốt chiều dài lịch sử, giữa bối cảnh thế hệ thứ nhất đang dần qua đi và thế hệ thứ hai đang xuất hiện trên các diễn đàn của nhiều lĩnh vực.

Sponsors and Donors

Josie Ngoc-Diep Nguyen, TX
Bui Van Phu, CA

Hoang Duc Nha, IL 
Nguyen Duc Cuong, CA

Nguyen Mau Trinh, MD
Trinh Binh An, VA